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※ 引述《mywade (mywade)》之銘言：
: ※ 引述《CavendishJr (梅西♡)》之銘言：
: : 原文標題：彭博：拜登推下個經濟計畫 將搭配1993年來最大加稅案
: :                                       (請勿刪減原文標題)
: : 原文連結：
: : https://bit.ly/3tkWi62

有點震撼，所以去找英文確認一下
https://reurl.cc/3NMkAl

Biden Eyes First Major Tax Hike Since 1993 in Next Economic Plan


(Bloomberg) — President Joe Biden is planning the first major federal tax
hike since 1993 to help pay for the long-term economic program designed as a
follow-up to his pandemic-relief bill, according to people familiar with the
matter.

Unlike the $1.9 trillion Covid-19 stimulus act, the next initiative, which is
expected to be even bigger, won’t rely just on government debt as a funding
source. While it’s been increasingly clear that tax hikes will be a
component — Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has said at least part of the
next bill will have to be paid for, and pointed to higher rates — key
advisers are now making preparations for a package of measures.

With each tax break and credit having its own lobbying constituency to back
it, tinkering with rates is fraught with political risk. That helps explain
why tax hikes since Bill Clinton’s signature 1993 overhaul stands out from
the modest modifications done since.

For the Biden administration, the planned changes are an opportunity not just
to fund key initiatives like infrastructure, climate and expanded help for
poorer Americans, but also to address what Democrats argue are inequities in
the tax system itself. The plan will test both Biden’s capacity to woo
Republicans and Democrats’ ability to remain unified.

“His whole outlook has always been that Americans believe tax policy needs
to be fair, and he has viewed all of his policy options through that lens,”
 said Sarah Bianchi, head of U.S. public policy at Evercore ISI and a former
economic aide to Biden. “That is why the focus is on addressing the unequal
treatment between work and wealth.”

While the White House has rejected an outright wealth tax, as proposed by
progressive Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren, the administration’s
current thinking does target the wealthy.

The White House is expected to propose a suite of tax increases, mostly
mirroring Biden’s 2020 campaign proposals, according to four people familiar
with the discussions.

The tax hikes included in any broader infrastructure and jobs package are
likely to include repealing portions of President Donald Trump’s 2017 tax
law that benefit corporations and wealthy individuals, as well as making
other changes to make the tax code more progressive, said the people familiar
with the plan.

The following are among proposals currently planned or under consideration,
according to the people, who asked not to be named as the discussions are
private:

Raising the corporate tax rate to 28% from 21%Paring back tax preferences for
so-called pass-through businesses, such as limited-liability companies or
partnershipsRaising the income tax rate on individuals earning more than
$400,000Expanding the estate tax’s reachA higher capital-gains tax rate for
individuals earning at least $1 million annually. (Biden on the campaign
trail proposed applying income-tax rates, which would be higher)

An independent analysis of the Biden campaign tax plan done by the Tax Policy
Center estimated it would raise $2.1 trillion over a decade, though the
administration’s plan is likely to be smaller. Bianchi earlier this month
wrote that congressional Democrats might agree to $500 billion.

The overall program has yet to be unveiled, with analysts penciling in $2
trillion to $4 trillion. No date has yet been set for an announcement, though
the White House said the plan would follow the signing of the Covid-19 relief
bill.

An outstanding question for Democrats is which parts of the package need to
be funded, amid debate over whether infrastructure ultimately pays for itself
— especially given current borrowing costs, which remain historically low.
Efforts to make the expanded child tax credit in the pandemic-aid bill
permanent — something with a price tag estimated at more than $1 trillion
over a decade — could be harder to sell if pitched as entirely debt-financed.
What Bloomberg’s Economists Say…

“The next major legislative initiative, infrastructure investment, could
provide the sort of durable economic gains that not only support higher pay,
but promote diffusion of those gains across demographic lines and political
persuasions.”

–Andrew Husby and Eliza Winger, U.S. economists

For the full report, click here
Democrats would need at least 10 Republicans to back the bill to move it
under regular Senate rules. But GOP members are signaling they are prepared
to fight.

“We’ll have a big robust discussion about the appropriateness of a big tax
increase,” Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell said last month,
predicting Democrats would pursue a reconciliation bill that forgoes the GOP
and would aim for a corporate tax even higher than 28%.

Kevin Brady, the top Republican on the House Ways & Means Committee, said, “
There seems to a be a real drive to tax investment of capital gains at
marginal income rates,” and called that a “terrible economic mistake.”

While about 18% of the George W. Bush administration’s tax cuts were allowed
to expire in a 2013 deal, and other legislation has seen some increases in
levies, 1993 marks the last comprehensive set of increases, experts say. That
bill passed on a two-vote margin in the House and required the vice president
to break a tie in the Senate.

“I don’t think it is an understatement to say the current partisan
environment is more severe than 1993” said Ken Kies, managing director of
the Federal Policy Group, a former chief of staff of the congressional Joint
Committee on Taxation. “So you can draw your own conclusions” about
prospects for a deal this year, he said.

Still, there could be some tax initiatives Republicans could get behind. One
is a shift from a gasoline tax to a vehicle-miles-traveled fee to help fund
highway projects.

Read More: By-the-Mile Vehicle Tax to Help Fund Infrastructure Gains Steam
Another is more money for Internal Revenue Service enforcement — a way to
boost revenue without raising rates. Estimates have found that for every
additional $1 spent on IRS audits, the agency brings in an additional $3 to
$5.

Democrats are also looking to revise tax laws that they say don’t do enough
to stop U.S. companies from shifting jobs and profits offshore as another way
to raise revenue, one aide said. Republicans could potentially support
incentives, though it’s unclear whether they’d back penalties.

White House officials including deputy director of the National Economic
Council, David Kamin — who wrote a 2019 paper on “Taxing the Rich” — are
in the process of fleshing out the Biden tax plans.
As for timing, if passed, tax measures would likely take effect in 2022 —

 though some lawmakers and Biden supporters outside the administration have
argued for holding off while unemployment remains high due to the pandemic.
Lawmakers have their own ideas for tax reforms. Senate Finance Committee

Chairman Ron Wyden wants to consolidate energy tax breaks and require
investors to pay taxes regularly on their investments including stocks and
bonds that have unrealized gains.

“A nurse pays taxes with every single paycheck. A billionaire in an affluent
suburb on the other hand can defer paying taxes month after month to the
point where their paying taxes is pretty much optional,” Wyden told
Bloomberg in an interview. “I don’t think that’s right.”

Warren has pitched a wealth tax, while House Financial Services Committee
Chair Maxine Waters has said she would like to consider a
financial-transaction tax.

Democratic strategists see the next package as effectively the last chance to
reshape the U.S. economy on a grand scale before lawmakers turn to the 2022
mid-term campaign.

“Normally, the party in power gets one or two shots to do major legislative
packages,” said Chuck Marr, senior director of Federal Tax Policy at the
left-leaning Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. “This is the next shot.
”
c 2021 Bloomberg L.P.

機翻如下：

（彭博社）—知情人士說，總統拜登（Joe Biden）計劃自1993年以來首次進行重大聯邦
加稅，以幫助支付長期經濟計劃，該計劃是他的武漢肺炎救濟法案的後續行動。









正如進步民主黨參議員伊麗莎白‧沃倫（Elizabeth Warren）提議的那樣，白宮拒絕了徹
底的財富稅，但政府目前的想法確實針對富人。

據四位知情人士透露，預計白宮將提議一系列增稅措施，主要是參酌了拜登（Biden）的
2020年競選方案。



知情人士說，以下是目前正在計劃或正在考慮的提案，由於不公開討論，他們不願透露姓
名：

1.將公司稅率從21％提高到28％對所謂的轉嫁業務（例如有限責任公司或合夥企業）
2.減少稅收優惠將年收入超過40萬美元的個人的所得稅率提高擴大遺產稅的覆蓋面對年
收入至少100萬美元的個人提高稅率。 （競選活動中的拜登建議採用所得稅率，該稅率更
高）



總體計劃尚未揭曉，分析師的預估數字在2兆至4兆美元之間。儘管白宮表示該計劃將在
Covid-19救濟法案簽署之後進行，但尚未宣布宣布的日期。



彭博社的經濟學家怎麼說…


“下一個主要的立法舉措是基礎設施投資，可以提供持久的經濟收益，不僅支持更高的薪
水，而且可以促進這些收益在人口統計和政治說服力之間的擴散。”

-美國經濟學家安德魯‧休斯比（Andrew Husby）和伊麗莎‧溫格（Eliza Winger）


民主黨將需要至少10名共和黨人才能支持該法案，以使其在參議院的常規規則下生效。但
是共和黨成員表示他們準備戰鬥。

參議院少數黨領袖米奇‧麥康奈爾（Mitch McConnell）上個月表示：“就大幅增加稅收
的適當性，我們將進行激烈的討論。”

眾議院籌款委員會最高的共和黨人凱文‧布雷迪（Kevin Brady）表示：“似乎確實在以
邊際收益率對資本利得投資的稅收徵稅，”他稱這是“嚴重的經濟錯誤”。





儘管如此，共和黨仍可能會採取一些稅收措施。一種是將汽油稅改為車輛行駛里程費，以
幫助資助高速公路項目。

另一個是為執行國稅局增加的資金 - 一種在不提高利率的情況下增加收入的方法。估計
發現，在IRS審計上每多花1美元，該機構就會多賺3到5美元。



白宮官員，包括國家經濟委員會副主任戴維‧卡明（David Kamin）-正在撰寫拜登（
Biden）稅收計劃。




“護士每張薪水條都交稅。”另一方面，富裕郊區的億萬富翁卻可以將納稅逐月推遲到幾
乎可以選擇的程度，”懷登在接受彭博社採訪時說。 “我認為那是不對的。”

沃倫提出了一項財產稅，而眾議院金融服務委員會主席馬克西‧沃特斯（Maxine Waters
）說，她想考慮一項金融交易稅。

民主黨政策人士們認為，下一個配套計劃實際上是在國會議員轉向2022年期中選舉之前大
規模重塑美國經濟的最後機會。



c 2021彭博L.P.


心得：

0.調利率會得罪太多政治遊說團體，所以加稅。

1.關鍵字，2022，美國期中選舉前。

2.共和黨看起來很不同意。

3.算是放風向球試探，推測最差也要美國就業率回升才有可能推行。

4.個人認為就業率真正回溫最快也是2022了。到時候也要期中選舉了。

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